Recently among the Ukrainian politicians, political scientists and the simply politically anxious citizens conversations on split of Ukraine to the east and the West became much more frequent. Thus opinions sound opposite…

But it will be a question not of opposition, mythical or real, the East and the West of Ukraine, and about unique for the unitary state which Ukraine is, formation — Autonomous republic Crimea. There are in the unitary states autonomous regions, districts, areas, but the whole republic only at us. However, at us and others «unique» suffice…

According to population census, in 1939 in Crimea lived 218179 Crimean Tatars who made 19,4 % of the population of peninsula. State languages АССР were Russian and Crimean Tatar. The national principle has been put In an administrative division basis. As to Tatars existed 144 national village councils and 5 Tatar national areas (Sudak, Alushta, Bakhchsarai, Yalta and Balaklava). Training at schools in such territories was conducted on the Crimean Tatar language. Of the Crimean Tatars mainly consisted both the higher party and Soviet management of an autonomy. In general to say that someone in Crimea was restrained by the Soviet power to a national sign, it is not necessary.

With the Great Patriotic War beginning many Crimean Tatars have been called in army. 7 from them in due course became Heroes of Soviet Union. Among them and the legendary fighter pilot, friend Pokryshkina, Amethan the Sultan — the gentleman of 2 medals «Gold Star», Lenin’s 3 awards, 4 awards of the Red Banner. Lenin’s four awards the chairman of committee of defense of Stalingrada the Crimean Tatar Abljakim Gafarov has been awarded…

Not to violate the truth, it is necessary to tell that the Crimean Tatars participated and in the Soviet underground, and guerrilla movement. For January, 15th, 1944 in Crimea 3733 guerrillas, from them Russian — 1944, Ukrainians — 348, Tatars — 598 were…

Now how eviction was spent… In the first years after dispatch, despite all «softness», by estimations of various official Soviet bodies, was lost from 15 to 25 % special immigrants. By calculations the Crimean Tatar active workers, were lost to 46 % moved of Crimea.

There are different versions about the reasons on which the Soviet government has made the decision on deportation of the Crimean Tatars. The version about aspiration of the USSR to seize passages Bosporuss and Dardanelless was the most widespread in those days to go further to Turkey. And the Crimean Tatars, probably, disturbed to these plans. Dispatch testifies to it a Turk-meshetintsev from Georgia, living on frontier territory with Turkey, and also other Turkic people of caucasus also: Karachai and even Chechens. However, even if such plans also existed, it was not fated to be realized by it into life.

There is also one more, at first sight, paradoxical, attempt to explain how happens that almost 180 thousand persons native places have against the will left. Under this version Crimea quite could become one more state of USA or even to that now is called as the state Israel.

Among set of the investors who have come to the Soviet Russia at the time of Lenin New economic policy, there were also representatives of the American financial organization «Joint», which steels actively to advance idea of creation in Crimea independent Jewish republic. In November, 1923 the head of Jewish section RCP (Abram Bragin has submitted to the Political bureau the project of the decision on creation in Crimea not independent, but already full Soviet socialist Jewish republic.

As a result for settlers have allocated 132 thousand hectares of the Crimean grounds. By 1939 in Frajdorfsky area of Crimea and in territory of 44 village councils began to live already more than 65 thousand Jews. On February, 19th, 1929 between «Joint» who officially represented in the Soviet Russia interests of the United States of America (diplomatic relations with Americans then yet wasn’t), and the Central Electoral Committee of RSFSR the agreement has been entered into, according to which USSR annually received from «Joint» of an order of one and a half millions dollars. But thus practical Americans have demanded guarantees which became transferred by it as proof of 375 thousand hectares of the Crimean earth issued by actions which buyers became more than 200 citizens of the USA, including all known Roosevelt, Hoover, Rockefeller, Marshall, Makartur.

Money went to the Jewish immigrants directly through bank «Agro-Joint», passing the Soviet budget. On them bought technics, stock and products. It has caused protests of Russian living in Crimea, Tatars, Bulgarians, Greeks and Germans. And here on one of sessions of the Political bureau Stalin has declared that anything, except national civil strife, this project carrying the name «Crimean California», doesn’t give to the country. As a result in 1936 after reception by the Soviet state in total 20 million dollars the project has been closed and forgotten, and means have ceased to arrive.

In 1943 at the Teheran conference Roosevelt in conversation with Stalin has informed that shortly at its administration problems with deliveries in the USSR on lend-lizu if the project «Crimean California» is not reanimated will begin. About it confirms Dzhilas, the future vice-president of Yugoslavia Is pardoned. As he said, it was present at conversation of secretly visited USSR Iosip Broz Tito with Stalin. In reply to a question of Tito for what the Crimean Tatars have been moved, Stalin has referred to the obligations given to Roosevelt to clear away Crimea for the Jewish immigrants. Thus he perfectly understood that Americans insist on the Crimean project at all in interests of the Soviet Jews. Stalin laid down a condition that this state formation should be in structure of the USSR in the autonomous republic status, and wanted to receive 10 billion dollars of the credit for national economy restoration. Money has been promised, but for this purpose Crimea should leave structure of the USSR. Such offer has been rejected by the Soviet party, and the creation question «New California» hasn’t been once again solved.

In 1954 there has come term of return received for «New California» money. In spite of the fact that on account of repayment of a debt of the USSR through «Joint» has transferred to Israel a significant amount of the trophy German weapon for war with Arabs, Americans considered that calculation is made not in full, and the Crimean earths appearing in the contract quite could demand. And drive of Crimea under jurisdiction of Ukraine, which management, by the way, long opposed to Nikita Khruschev’s such idea, should become original cunning which would complicate to Americans attempt to make the demands about drive of the territory which was in pledge of peninsula by it.

Anyway, Soviet Union hasn’t grasped Turkey, the Jewish state in Crimea hasn’t been created, and since 1990 return resettlement of the Crimean Tatars on the earth where they were generated as the people has begun, becoming, by words, which attribute to ex-president Leonid Kuchma, and repeated by one more ex-president Victor Yushchenko, «unique present Ukrainians of Crimea».

Source: http://www.from-ua.com